Ferritic Stainless Steels Official identity plus sourced composition

Material / Grade

1.4000

X6Cr13

1.4000 / X6Cr13 is a DIN/W.Nr dossier with source-traced identity and explicitly labeled engineering guidance.

Hardness potential35 / 100Comparison index

Toughness50 / 100Comparison index

Impact resistance54 / 100Comparison index

Bending resistance59 / 100Comparison index

Abrasive wear38 / 100Comparison index

Steel Overview

Complete introduction and metallurgical analysis

1.4000 / X6Cr13 belongs to Ferritic Stainless Steels and selection centres on moderate corrosion resistance, low nickel content and a ferritic structure with low thermal expansion.

1.4000 / X6Cr13 is a DIN/W.Nr dossier with source-traced identity and explicitly labeled engineering guidance.

The principal recorded elements are C≈0.04%, Si≈0.5%, Mn≈0.5%, P≈0.02%, S≈0.0075%, Cr≈13%. Mid-range values support engineering interpretation and do not replace purchase limits.

The expected microstructure is predominantly ferritic matrix with grain growth and sensitisation controlled during welding and heat exposure; delivery condition, section size, melt quality and processing history can change that state.

Comparison indices are hardness 35/100, toughness 50/100, impact 54/100, wear 38/100 and bending 59/100. These are internal indices, not standard test results.

The screening temperature range is -20–450 °C; strength or hardness loss, oxidation, exposure time and creep must be assessed separately.

A representative process route is forming and welding with controlled heat input, followed by cleaning and passivation where specified. Obtain actual temperatures, times and cooling media from the grade and product data sheet.

Manufacturing indices are weldability 55/100, machinability 56/100, corrosion resistance 64/100 and fatigue resistance 44/100; use them for screening only.

The principal risk is loss of toughness, grain coarsening or localised corrosion after unsuitable welding or exposure. Evaluate geometry, surface condition, environment and the governing failure mechanism together.

A similar name or calculated relationship is not proof of interchangeability; match chemistry, specification, condition, heat treatment and MTC.

Engineering conclusion: 1.4000 / X6Cr13 is a rational candidate when useful oxidation and general corrosion resistance with low thermal expansion matches the real load, environment and certified product condition.

Recorded standards:DINEN 10088-2: 2005 Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposesEN 10088-3: 2005 Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposesEN 10088-1: 2005 Stainless steels. List of stainless steelsDIN / W.Nr cross-reference

International Equivalents

International equivalents and designations

A close counterpart is not automatically interchangeable. Confirm chemistry, product standard, delivery condition, dimensions and heat treatment.

EN / W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

X6Cr13 / 1.4000

A registered identity within the same grade record.

EN / DINOfficial designation for the same grade

X6Cr13

A registered identity within the same grade record.

W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

1.4000

A registered identity within the same grade record.

DIN / W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

X7Cr14

A registered identity within the same grade record.

Chemical Composition

Chemical composition and the role of each element

The principal recorded elements are C≈0.04%, Si≈0.5%, Mn≈0.5%, P≈0.02%, S≈0.0075%, Cr≈13%. Mid-range values support engineering interpretation and do not replace purchase limits. Composition is shown for screening and traceability. The current purchase standard and the heat-specific MTC remain authoritative.

Element	Weight-percent range	Metallurgical role and effect
C	0–0.08 %	Carbon raises hardness, strength and carbide potential; excessive carbon can reduce toughness and weldability.
Si	0–1 %	Silicon supports deoxidation and solid-solution strength and can influence tempering or oxidation response.
Mn	0–1 %	Manganese contributes to hardenability and sulfur control; its final effect depends on amount and processing.
P	0–0.04 %	Phosphorus is normally restricted because higher content can promote embrittlement and reduce toughness.
S	0–0.015 %	Sulfur may improve chip control in free-cutting grades but can reduce transverse toughness and weldability.
Cr	12–14 %	Chromium promotes hardenability and carbide formation and, at sufficient levels, corrosion or oxidation resistance.

X6Cr13 — structured limits from the cited SteelNumber page Sourced with conditions

Engineering Behaviour

Engineering behaviour and selection response

Hardness potential35 / 100

Relative screening index only; obtain condition-specific hardness data. Internal comparison index: 35/100.

Engineering analysis

Toughness50 / 100

Toughness has an internal index of 50/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Impact resistance54 / 100

Impact resistance has an internal index of 54/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Bending resistance59 / 100

Bending resistance has an internal index of 59/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Abrasive wear38 / 100

Wear depends on hardness, microstructure and mechanism. Internal comparison index: 38/100.

Engineering analysis

Corrosion resistance64 / 100

Corrosion resistance has an internal index of 64/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Weldability55 / 100

Weldability has an internal index of 55/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Machinability56 / 100

Machinability has an internal index of 56/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

High-temperature strength42 / 100

No sourced continuous maximum is claimed; the family window is screening guidance. Internal comparison index: 42/100.

Engineering analysis

Creep resistance48 / 100

Creep resistance has an internal index of 48/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Fatigue resistance44 / 100

Fatigue resistance has an internal index of 44/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Numerical scores are internal comparison indices. They are not standard test results, allowable design stresses or a manufacturer guarantee. Data Method

Hardness & Hardenability

Hardness and hardenability

Relative screening index only; obtain condition-specific hardness data. Internal screening index: 35/100 (low).

35/100

low

Comparison index

Governing factors

Chemistry and section size
Austenitising and quench severity
Tempering temperature and time
Test method and surface preparation

Data limits

Final acceptance requires the current standard, product form, dimensions, delivery condition and heat-specific MTC.

Impact & Toughness

Toughness, impact and fracture behaviour

Impact resistance is indexed at 54/100 and toughness at 50/100. These are not Charpy or Izod energy values; temperature, orientation, geometry and actual microstructure govern component behaviour.

54/100moderateComparison index

Microstructure, hardness and grain size influence impact tolerance.
Sharp radii, notches and surface defects reduce fracture resistance.
Test temperature, specimen direction and section must be identified.
For critical parts, accept impact energy only from a documented test of the same condition.

Temperature & Creep

Service temperature, thermal stability and creep

No sourced continuous maximum is claimed; the family window is screening guidance. -20–450 °C is a screening range or sourced limit according to its evidence label. Check strength loss, oxidation, creep, exposure time and environment.

Continuous service

-20–450 °CEngineering guidance

Review the limit against strength or hardness loss and exposure time.

Intermittent service

Do not assign an intermittent limit without product-specific source data.

Tempering and phase stability

Working and coating temperatures must remain compatible with the tempering condition and required microstructure.

Oxidation and environment

Oxidation or corrosion may become limiting before the strength criterion.

Relative creep resistance48/100Comparison index

The relative creep index is 48/100 (moderate). It is not an allowable creep stress or rupture-life value.

Do not select this grade for long-term static high-temperature loading from the internal index alone.

Wear & Surface Behaviour

Wear resistance and surface behaviour

Abrasive wear

Wear depends on hardness, microstructure and mechanism. The abrasive-wear index is 38/100; final hardness, carbides, microstructure, contact mode and lubrication govern actual resistance.

Comparison index

Adhesive wear

Assess adhesive wear with the counterface material, lubrication, roughness, pressure and temperature.

Engineering analysis

Surface improvement

Evaluate surface treatment or coating only after confirming compatibility with chemistry, substrate and process temperature.

Engineering guidance

Mechanical & Physical Properties

Mechanical and physical properties

No complete sourced numerical mechanical set is stored for this condition; labelled comparison indices are shown instead of invented test values.

Comparative property	Internal index	Information type
Hardness potential	35 / 100	Comparison index
Toughness	50 / 100	Comparison index
Impact resistance	54 / 100	Comparison index
Bending resistance	59 / 100	Comparison index
Abrasive wear	38 / 100	Comparison index
Corrosion resistance	64 / 100	Comparison index
Weldability	55 / 100	Comparison index
Machinability	56 / 100	Comparison index
High-temperature strength	42 / 100	Comparison index
Creep resistance	48 / 100	Comparison index
Fatigue resistance	44 / 100	Comparison index

Physical properties

Density, elastic modulus, expansion and conductivity depend on family, temperature and product condition. Use grade- and product-specific values for precise calculations.

Obtain density and expansion data from the product data sheet for dimensional calculations.
Elastic modulus and conductivity vary with temperature.

Engineering analysis

Heat Treatment

Heat-treatment stages and process controls

The representative family route is forming and welding with controlled heat input, followed by cleaning and passivation where specified. Numerical temperatures are shown only when supported by the record.

Annealing / stress relief

Engineering guidance

Assess the supply condition, residual stress, section size and prior machining before selecting time and temperature.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Preheating and austenitising

Engineering guidance

Set preheat steps and austenitising parameters from the grade/product data sheet and actual section size.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Quenching / controlled cooling

Engineering guidance

Choose the quench medium and cooling severity against hardenability, geometry, distortion and crack risk.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Tempering / property adjustment

Engineering guidance

Set tempering or ageing to the required hardness, toughness and service-temperature balance.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Tempering / property adjustment

Engineering guidance

Set tempering or ageing to the required hardness, toughness and service-temperature balance.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Process control: Review delivery condition, actual section, equipment capability, crack and distortion risk and target hardness before approving the cycle.

Engineering Charts

Hardness, toughness, impact, temperature and process charts

Chemistry data retain their evidence label; 0–100 charts are internal indices and stages without temperature are process sequences.

Multi-axis engineering profile

Comparison index

Chemical composition

Derived from source data

Hardness–toughness balance

Comparison index

Toughness, impact and fatigue

Comparison index

Wear and surface response

Comparison index

Mechanical properties or comparison indices

Comparison index

Service temperature

Engineering guidance

Heat treatment

Engineering guidance

Related-grade similarity

Comparison index

All comparison indices

Comparison index

Failure Modes & Selection

Potential failure modes and selection guidance

Potential failure mechanisms

loss of toughness, grain coarsening or localised corrosion after unsuitable welding or exposure.
Fatigue initiation from surface defects, section transitions or stress concentration.
Property loss after unsuitable heat treatment, cooling or finishing.
Corrosion, oxidation or environmental attack when protection is inadequate.

Selection and design notes

Match designation, material number, product standard and supply form before purchase.
Compare the governing failure mechanism with hardness 35, toughness 50, impact 54 and wear 38 indices out of 100.
Use mechanical values only within their cited condition, dimensions and test temperature.
Confirm the heat-treatment route and target hardness with the processor before final machining.
Review the heat number, MTC and required test results before release.

Derived calculations

Pitting-resistance equivalent PREN (indicative)17.6 Calculated

Calculated from recorded inputs; apply only within the stated formula scope and limitations.

Advantages & Limitations

Advantages, limitations and unsuitable applications

Advantages

useful oxidation and general corrosion resistance with low thermal expansion.
A clearly labelled engineering profile supports comparison with related grades.
Grade identity, chemistry, counterparts and references remain traceable in one dossier.

Limitations and weaknesses

loss of toughness, grain coarsening or localised corrosion after unsuitable welding or exposure.
A 0–100 index cannot be converted into design stress, impact energy or creep life.
Hardness and toughness depend on section, delivery condition and actual processing.
Do not approve a substitute before checking the product standard and heat-specific MTC.

Cases requiring caution or an alternative material

Critical design without condition- and section-specific test dataDirect substitution based only on name or similarity scoreLong-term creep service without sourced time–stress–temperature dataloss of toughness, grain coarsening or localised corrosion after unsuitable welding or exposure

Applications & Processing

Industrial applications and processing

Typical applications

Exhaust and turbocharger components
Plate, sheet and tubular products to the applicable product standard
automotive exhaust and trim parts
appliances and architectural panels
mildly corrosive process components
heat-resistant ferritic sheet applications

Manufacture, welding and surface engineering

Weldability has an internal index of 55/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Forming and forging depend on steel family, delivery condition and the grade-specific qualified temperature range.

Clean and passivate after fabrication or welding where the specification requires it.
Electropolishing may be used where cleanliness or corrosion performance requires it.
Prevent free-iron contamination and preserve the specified surface condition.

Engineering Conclusion

Engineering conclusion and selection recommendation

1.4000 / X6Cr13 is worth evaluating when the principal need is useful oxidation and general corrosion resistance with low thermal expansion. Internal indices of hardness 35/100, toughness 50/100, impact 54/100 and wear 38/100 must be aligned with the real failure mechanism. The leading risk is loss of toughness, grain coarsening or localised corrosion after unsuitable welding or exposure. Final approval requires the current standard, product form, dimensions, delivery condition, heat treatment and heat-specific MTC.

Engineering analysis

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Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently asked questions

What is 1.4000 / X6Cr13 steel?

1.4000 / X6Cr13 is a DIN/W.Nr dossier with source-traced identity and explicitly labeled engineering guidance.

What are the main applications of 1.4000 / X6Cr13?

Application contexts include Exhaust and turbocharger components, Plate, sheet and tubular products to the applicable product standard, automotive exhaust and trim parts and appliances and architectural panels, subject to the product standard and actual condition.

How hard can 1.4000 / X6Cr13 be?

Relative screening index only; obtain condition-specific hardness data. Internal screening index: 35/100 (low).

Is 1.4000 / X6Cr13 suitable for impact loading?

Impact resistance is indexed at 54/100 and toughness at 50/100. These are not Charpy or Izod energy values; temperature, orientation, geometry and actual microstructure govern component behaviour.

What is the service-temperature limit of 1.4000 / X6Cr13?

Can 1.4000 / X6Cr13 be replaced by a close grade?

Approve substitution only after matching chemistry, specification, product form, condition, heat treatment and MTC.

Steel Comparison

Engineering steel comparison

Compare this grade with any other dossier. Scores from 0 to 100 are internal screening indices, not laboratory values or allowable design stresses.

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Search for the second steel

Current grade1.4000 / X6Cr13Ferritic Stainless Steels

Selected grade1.4512 / Moda 409/4512Ferritic Stainless Steels

Current-grade chemistry

Second-grade chemistry

Current-grade heat treatment

Second-grade heat treatment

Current-grade applications

Limitations

Second-grade applications

Limitations

Select a second grade to update the comparison.

Sources & Evidence

Sources, methodology and evidence

Sources support grade identity, recorded values or the engineering method. General guidance does not replace product-specific certification.

Grade-specific sources

steelnumber.comSource Inventory · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: source inventory.

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steelnumber.comDesignation Context · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: designation context.

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steelnumber.comDesignation cross-reference · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: identity crosswalk.

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steelnumber.comComposition Source · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: composition source.

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stahldaten.deOfficial material-number register · Tier A

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: official material number register.

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