Martensitic Stainless Steels Official identity plus sourced composition

Material / Grade

1.4057

X17CrNi16-2

1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 is a DIN/W.Nr dossier with source-traced identity and explicitly labeled engineering guidance.

Hardness potential69 / 100Comparison index

Toughness42 / 100Comparison index

Impact resistance44 / 100Comparison index

Bending resistance61 / 100Comparison index

Abrasive wear71 / 100Comparison index

Steel Overview

Complete introduction and metallurgical analysis

1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 belongs to Martensitic Stainless Steels and selection centres on heat-treatable hardness and strength with moderate stainless corrosion resistance.

1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 is a DIN/W.Nr dossier with source-traced identity and explicitly labeled engineering guidance.

The principal recorded elements are C≈0.17%, Si≈0.5%, Mn≈0.75%, Ni≈2%, P≈0.02%, S≈0.015%, Cr≈16%. Mid-range values support engineering interpretation and do not replace purchase limits.

The expected microstructure is tempered martensite with carbides and retained austenite controlled by the hardening and tempering cycle; delivery condition, section size, melt quality and processing history can change that state.

Comparison indices are hardness 69/100, toughness 42/100, impact 44/100, wear 71/100 and bending 61/100. These are internal indices, not standard test results.

The screening temperature range is 100–400 °C; strength or hardness loss, oxidation, exposure time and creep must be assessed separately.

A representative process route is austenitising, quenching and tempering, followed by surface finishing and passivation where appropriate. Obtain actual temperatures, times and cooling media from the grade and product data sheet.

Manufacturing indices are weldability 9/100, machinability 44/100, corrosion resistance 54/100 and fatigue resistance 50/100; use them for screening only.

The principal risk is reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control. Evaluate geometry, surface condition, environment and the governing failure mechanism together.

A similar name or calculated relationship is not proof of interchangeability; match chemistry, specification, condition, heat treatment and MTC.

Engineering conclusion: 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 is a rational candidate when a useful combination of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance matches the real load, environment and certified product condition.

Recorded standards:DIN EN 10250-4EN 10088-3: 2005 Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposesEN 10272: 2007 Stainless steel bars for pressure purposesEN 10250-4: 2000 Open steel die forgings for general engineering purposes. Stainless steelsEN 10088-1: 2005 Stainless steels. List of stainless steelsEN 10088-5: 2009 Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for construction purposesDIN / W.Nr cross-reference

International Equivalents

International equivalents and designations

A close counterpart is not automatically interchangeable. Confirm chemistry, product standard, delivery condition, dimensions and heat treatment.

EN / W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

X17CrNi16-2 / 1.4057

A registered identity within the same grade record.

DIN / W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

X17CrNi16-2

A registered identity within the same grade record.

W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

1.4057

A registered identity within the same grade record.

Chemical Composition

Chemical composition and the role of each element

The principal recorded elements are C≈0.17%, Si≈0.5%, Mn≈0.75%, Ni≈2%, P≈0.02%, S≈0.015%, Cr≈16%. Mid-range values support engineering interpretation and do not replace purchase limits. Composition is shown for screening and traceability. The current purchase standard and the heat-specific MTC remain authoritative.

Element	Weight-percent range	Metallurgical role and effect
C	0.12–0.22 %	Carbon raises hardness, strength and carbide potential; excessive carbon can reduce toughness and weldability.
Si	0–1 %	Silicon supports deoxidation and solid-solution strength and can influence tempering or oxidation response.
Mn	0–1.5 %	Manganese contributes to hardenability and sulfur control; its final effect depends on amount and processing.
Ni	1.5–2.5 %	Nickel generally improves toughness and through-section response and stabilises austenite in stainless systems.
P	0–0.04 %	Phosphorus is normally restricted because higher content can promote embrittlement and reduce toughness.
S	0–0.03 %	Sulfur may improve chip control in free-cutting grades but can reduce transverse toughness and weldability.
Cr	15–17 %	Chromium promotes hardenability and carbide formation and, at sufficient levels, corrosion or oxidation resistance.

X17CrNi16-2 — structured limits from the cited SteelNumber page Sourced with conditions

Engineering Behaviour

Engineering behaviour and selection response

Hardness potential69 / 100

Relative screening index only; obtain condition-specific hardness data. Internal comparison index: 69/100.

Engineering analysis

Toughness42 / 100

Toughness has an internal index of 42/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Impact resistance44 / 100

Impact resistance has an internal index of 44/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Bending resistance61 / 100

Bending resistance has an internal index of 61/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Abrasive wear71 / 100

Wear depends on hardness, microstructure and mechanism. Internal comparison index: 71/100.

Engineering analysis

Corrosion resistance54 / 100

Moderate and heat-treatment-dependent corrosion resistance, generally below common austenitic grades. Internal comparison index: 54/100.

Engineering analysis

Weldability9 / 100

Weldability has an internal index of 9/100 (very low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Machinability44 / 100

Machinability has an internal index of 44/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

High-temperature strength39 / 100

No sourced continuous maximum is claimed; the family window is screening guidance. Internal comparison index: 39/100.

Engineering analysis

Creep resistance29 / 100

Creep resistance has an internal index of 29/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Fatigue resistance50 / 100

Fatigue resistance has an internal index of 50/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Numerical scores are internal comparison indices. They are not standard test results, allowable design stresses or a manufacturer guarantee. Data Method

Hardness & Hardenability

Hardness and hardenability

Relative screening index only; obtain condition-specific hardness data. Internal screening index: 69/100 (high).

69/100

high

Comparison index

Governing factors

Chemistry and section size
Austenitising and quench severity
Tempering temperature and time
Test method and surface preparation

Data limits

Final acceptance requires the current standard, product form, dimensions, delivery condition and heat-specific MTC.

Impact & Toughness

Toughness, impact and fracture behaviour

Impact resistance is indexed at 44/100 and toughness at 42/100. These are not Charpy or Izod energy values; temperature, orientation, geometry and actual microstructure govern component behaviour.

44/100lowComparison index

Microstructure, hardness and grain size influence impact tolerance.
Sharp radii, notches and surface defects reduce fracture resistance.
Test temperature, specimen direction and section must be identified.
For critical parts, accept impact energy only from a documented test of the same condition.

Temperature & Creep

Service temperature, thermal stability and creep

No sourced continuous maximum is claimed; the family window is screening guidance. 100–400 °C is a screening range or sourced limit according to its evidence label. Check strength loss, oxidation, creep, exposure time and environment.

Continuous service

100–400 °CEngineering guidance

Review the limit against strength or hardness loss and exposure time.

Intermittent service

Do not assign an intermittent limit without product-specific source data.

Tempering and phase stability

Working and coating temperatures must remain compatible with the tempering condition and required microstructure.

Oxidation and environment

Oxidation or corrosion may become limiting before the strength criterion.

Relative creep resistance29/100Comparison index

The relative creep index is 29/100 (low). It is not an allowable creep stress or rupture-life value.

Do not select this grade for long-term static high-temperature loading from the internal index alone.

Wear & Surface Behaviour

Wear resistance and surface behaviour

Abrasive wear

Wear depends on hardness, microstructure and mechanism. The abrasive-wear index is 71/100; final hardness, carbides, microstructure, contact mode and lubrication govern actual resistance.

Comparison index

Adhesive wear

Assess adhesive wear with the counterface material, lubrication, roughness, pressure and temperature.

Engineering analysis

Surface improvement

Evaluate surface treatment or coating only after confirming compatibility with chemistry, substrate and process temperature.

Engineering guidance

Mechanical & Physical Properties

Mechanical and physical properties

No complete sourced numerical mechanical set is stored for this condition; labelled comparison indices are shown instead of invented test values.

Comparative property	Internal index	Information type
Hardness potential	69 / 100	Comparison index
Toughness	42 / 100	Comparison index
Impact resistance	44 / 100	Comparison index
Bending resistance	61 / 100	Comparison index
Abrasive wear	71 / 100	Comparison index
Corrosion resistance	54 / 100	Comparison index
Weldability	9 / 100	Comparison index
Machinability	44 / 100	Comparison index
High-temperature strength	39 / 100	Comparison index
Creep resistance	29 / 100	Comparison index
Fatigue resistance	50 / 100	Comparison index

Physical properties

Density, elastic modulus, expansion and conductivity depend on family, temperature and product condition. Use grade- and product-specific values for precise calculations.

Obtain density and expansion data from the product data sheet for dimensional calculations.
Elastic modulus and conductivity vary with temperature.

Engineering analysis

Heat Treatment

Heat-treatment stages and process controls

The representative family route is austenitising, quenching and tempering, followed by surface finishing and passivation where appropriate. Numerical temperatures are shown only when supported by the record.

Annealing / stress relief

Engineering guidance

Assess the supply condition, residual stress, section size and prior machining before selecting time and temperature.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Preheating and austenitising

Engineering guidance

Set preheat steps and austenitising parameters from the grade/product data sheet and actual section size.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Quenching / controlled cooling

Engineering guidance

Choose the quench medium and cooling severity against hardenability, geometry, distortion and crack risk.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Tempering / property adjustment

Engineering guidance

Set tempering or ageing to the required hardness, toughness and service-temperature balance.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Tempering / property adjustment

Engineering guidance

Set tempering or ageing to the required hardness, toughness and service-temperature balance.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Process control: Review delivery condition, actual section, equipment capability, crack and distortion risk and target hardness before approving the cycle.

Engineering Charts

Hardness, toughness, impact, temperature and process charts

Chemistry data retain their evidence label; 0–100 charts are internal indices and stages without temperature are process sequences.

Multi-axis engineering profile

Comparison index

Chemical composition

Derived from source data

Hardness–toughness balance

Comparison index

Toughness, impact and fatigue

Comparison index

Wear and surface response

Comparison index

Mechanical properties or comparison indices

Comparison index

Service temperature

Engineering guidance

Heat treatment

Engineering guidance

Related-grade similarity

Comparison index

All comparison indices

Comparison index

Failure Modes & Selection

Potential failure modes and selection guidance

Potential failure mechanisms

reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control.
Fatigue initiation from surface defects, section transitions or stress concentration.
Property loss after unsuitable heat treatment, cooling or finishing.
Corrosion, oxidation or environmental attack when protection is inadequate.

Selection and design notes

Match designation, material number, product standard and supply form before purchase.
Compare the governing failure mechanism with hardness 69, toughness 42, impact 44 and wear 71 indices out of 100.
Use mechanical values only within their cited condition, dimensions and test temperature.
Confirm the heat-treatment route and target hardness with the processor before final machining.
Review the heat number, MTC and required test results before release.

Derived calculations

Pitting-resistance equivalent PREN (indicative)12.2 Calculated

Calculated from recorded inputs; apply only within the stated formula scope and limitations.

Advantages & Limitations

Advantages, limitations and unsuitable applications

Advantages

a useful combination of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
A clearly labelled engineering profile supports comparison with related grades.
Grade identity, chemistry, counterparts and references remain traceable in one dossier.

Limitations and weaknesses

reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control.
A 0–100 index cannot be converted into design stress, impact energy or creep life.
Hardness and toughness depend on section, delivery condition and actual processing.
Do not approve a substitute before checking the product standard and heat-specific MTC.

Cases requiring caution or an alternative material

Critical design without condition- and section-specific test dataDirect substitution based only on name or similarity scoreLong-term creep service without sourced time–stress–temperature datareduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control

Applications & Processing

Industrial applications and processing

Typical applications

Shafts, axles and rotating machine components
Industrial blades, knives and cutting tools
Valves, pumps and flanges
cutlery and cutting components
valve, pump and turbine parts
wear-resistant stainless shafts
hardenable corrosion-resistant machine parts

Manufacture, welding and surface engineering

Weldability has an internal index of 9/100 (very low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Forming and forging depend on steel family, delivery condition and the grade-specific qualified temperature range.

Clean and passivate after fabrication or welding where the specification requires it.
Electropolishing may be used where cleanliness or corrosion performance requires it.
Prevent free-iron contamination and preserve the specified surface condition.

Engineering Conclusion

Engineering conclusion and selection recommendation

1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 is worth evaluating when the principal need is a useful combination of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Internal indices of hardness 69/100, toughness 42/100, impact 44/100 and wear 71/100 must be aligned with the real failure mechanism. The leading risk is reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control. Final approval requires the current standard, product form, dimensions, delivery condition, heat treatment and heat-specific MTC.

Engineering analysis

Shaygan Steel — the right choice in alloy steel

Compare with other steels View similar steels

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently asked questions

What is 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 steel?

1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 is a DIN/W.Nr dossier with source-traced identity and explicitly labeled engineering guidance.

What are the main applications of 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2?

Application contexts include Shafts, axles and rotating machine components, Industrial blades, knives and cutting tools, Valves, pumps and flanges and cutlery and cutting components, subject to the product standard and actual condition.

How hard can 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 be?

Relative screening index only; obtain condition-specific hardness data. Internal screening index: 69/100 (high).

Is 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 suitable for impact loading?

Impact resistance is indexed at 44/100 and toughness at 42/100. These are not Charpy or Izod energy values; temperature, orientation, geometry and actual microstructure govern component behaviour.

What is the service-temperature limit of 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2?

Can 1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2 be replaced by a close grade?

Approve substitution only after matching chemistry, specification, product form, condition, heat treatment and MTC.

Steel Comparison

Engineering steel comparison

Compare this grade with any other dossier. Scores from 0 to 100 are internal screening indices, not laboratory values or allowable design stresses.

Close suggestions:

Search for the second steel

Current grade1.4057 / X17CrNi16-2Martensitic Stainless Steels

Selected gradeAISI 431Martensitic Stainless Steels

Current-grade chemistry

Second-grade chemistry

Current-grade heat treatment

Second-grade heat treatment

Current-grade applications

Limitations

Second-grade applications

Limitations

Select a second grade to update the comparison.

Sources & Evidence

Sources, methodology and evidence

Sources support grade identity, recorded values or the engineering method. General guidance does not replace product-specific certification.

Grade-specific sources

steelnumber.comSource Inventory · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: source inventory.

View source

steelnumber.comDesignation Context · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: designation context.

View source

steelnumber.comDesignation cross-reference · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: identity crosswalk.

View source

steelnumber.comComposition Source · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: composition source.

View source

stahldaten.deOfficial material-number register · Tier A

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: official material number register.

View source