Martensitic Stainless Steels Sourced numerical data plus engineering analysis

Material / Grade

1.4122

Dura 4122

1.4122 / Dura 4122 is a Martensitic Stainless Steels grade centred on heat-treatable hardness and strength with moderate stainless corrosion resistance. This dossier separates sourced values from engineering guidance and comparison indices.

Hardness potential79 / 100Comparison index

Toughness42 / 100Comparison index

Impact resistance43 / 100Comparison index

Bending resistance62 / 100Comparison index

Abrasive wear75 / 100Comparison index

Steel Overview

Complete introduction and metallurgical analysis

1.4122 / Dura 4122 belongs to Martensitic Stainless Steels and selection centres on heat-treatable hardness and strength with moderate stainless corrosion resistance.

The principal recorded elements are C≈0.41%, Cr≈16.1%, Mo≈1%. Mid-range values support engineering interpretation and do not replace purchase limits.

The expected microstructure is tempered martensite with carbides and retained austenite controlled by the hardening and tempering cycle; delivery condition, section size, melt quality and processing history can change that state.

Comparison indices are hardness 79/100, toughness 42/100, impact 43/100, wear 75/100 and bending 62/100. These are internal indices, not standard test results.

The screening temperature range is 250–600 °C; strength or hardness loss, oxidation, exposure time and creep must be assessed separately.

A representative process route is austenitising, quenching and tempering, followed by surface finishing and passivation where appropriate. Obtain actual temperatures, times and cooling media from the grade and product data sheet.

Manufacturing indices are weldability 10/100, machinability 42/100, corrosion resistance 66/100 and fatigue resistance 51/100; use them for screening only.

The principal risk is reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control. Evaluate geometry, surface condition, environment and the governing failure mechanism together.

A similar name or calculated relationship is not proof of interchangeability; match chemistry, specification, condition, heat treatment and MTC.

Engineering conclusion: 1.4122 / Dura 4122 is a rational candidate when a useful combination of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance matches the real load, environment and certified product condition.

Recorded standards:EN 1.4122

International Equivalents

International equivalents and designations

A close counterpart is not automatically interchangeable. Confirm chemistry, product standard, delivery condition, dimensions and heat treatment.

StandardOfficial designation for the same grade

Dura 4122

A registered identity within the same grade record.

EN / W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

1.4122

A registered identity within the same grade record.

OutokumpuClose counterpart requiring verification

Dura 4122

Match chemistry, product standard, delivery condition, heat treatment and MTC before substitution.

EN/W.NrOfficial designation for the same grade

1.4122

A registered identity within the same grade record.

Chemical Composition

Chemical composition and the role of each element

The principal recorded elements are C≈0.41%, Cr≈16.1%, Mo≈1%. Mid-range values support engineering interpretation and do not replace purchase limits. Composition is shown for screening and traceability. The current purchase standard and the heat-specific MTC remain authoritative.

Element	Weight-percent range	Metallurgical role and effect
C	≈ 0.41 %	Carbon raises hardness, strength and carbide potential; excessive carbon can reduce toughness and weldability.
Cr	≈ 16.1 %	Chromium promotes hardenability and carbide formation and, at sufficient levels, corrosion or oxidation resistance.
Mo	≈ 1 %	Molybdenum improves hardenability and temper resistance and can support hot strength or pitting resistance.

Outokumpu range datasheet — typical chemical composition, % by mass Sourced with conditions

Engineering Behaviour

Engineering behaviour and selection response

Hardness potential79 / 100

Martensitic/precipitation-hardening stainless family capable of high hardness with better corrosion resistance than carbon steel. Internal comparison index: 79/100.

Engineering analysis

Toughness42 / 100

Toughness has an internal index of 42/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Impact resistance43 / 100

Impact resistance has an internal index of 43/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Bending resistance62 / 100

Bending resistance has an internal index of 62/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Abrasive wear75 / 100

Abrasive wear has an internal index of 75/100 (high). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Corrosion resistance66 / 100

Corrosion resistance has an internal index of 66/100 (high). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Weldability10 / 100

Weldability has an internal index of 10/100 (very low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Machinability42 / 100

Machinability has an internal index of 42/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

High-temperature strength44 / 100

Temperature behavior is grade- and environment-specific; no single universal maximum service temperature applies. Internal comparison index: 44/100.

Engineering analysis

Creep resistance39 / 100

Creep resistance has an internal index of 39/100 (low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Fatigue resistance51 / 100

Fatigue resistance has an internal index of 51/100 (moderate). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Engineering analysis

Numerical scores are internal comparison indices. They are not standard test results, allowable design stresses or a manufacturer guarantee. Data Method

Hardness & Hardenability

Hardness and hardenability

Martensitic/precipitation-hardening stainless family capable of high hardness with better corrosion resistance than carbon steel. Internal screening index: 79/100 (high).

79/100

high

Comparison index

Governing factors

Chemistry and section size
Austenitising and quench severity
Tempering temperature and time
Test method and surface preparation

Data limits

Final acceptance requires the current standard, product form, dimensions, delivery condition and heat-specific MTC.

Impact & Toughness

Toughness, impact and fracture behaviour

Impact resistance is indexed at 43/100 and toughness at 42/100. These are not Charpy or Izod energy values; temperature, orientation, geometry and actual microstructure govern component behaviour.

43/100lowComparison index

Microstructure, hardness and grain size influence impact tolerance.
Sharp radii, notches and surface defects reduce fracture resistance.
Test temperature, specimen direction and section must be identified.
For critical parts, accept impact energy only from a documented test of the same condition.

Temperature & Creep

Service temperature, thermal stability and creep

Temperature behavior is grade- and environment-specific; no single universal maximum service temperature applies. 250–600 °C is a screening range or sourced limit according to its evidence label. Check strength loss, oxidation, creep, exposure time and environment.

Continuous service

250–600 °CEngineering guidance

Review the limit against strength or hardness loss and exposure time.

Intermittent service

Do not assign an intermittent limit without product-specific source data.

Tempering and phase stability

Working and coating temperatures must remain compatible with the tempering condition and required microstructure.

Oxidation and environment

Oxidation or corrosion may become limiting before the strength criterion.

Relative creep resistance39/100Comparison index

The relative creep index is 39/100 (low). It is not an allowable creep stress or rupture-life value.

Do not select this grade for long-term static high-temperature loading from the internal index alone.

Wear & Surface Behaviour

Wear resistance and surface behaviour

Abrasive wear

The abrasive-wear index is 75/100; final hardness, carbides, microstructure, contact mode and lubrication govern actual resistance.

Comparison index

Adhesive wear

Assess adhesive wear with the counterface material, lubrication, roughness, pressure and temperature.

Engineering analysis

Surface improvement

Evaluate surface treatment or coating only after confirming compatibility with chemistry, substrate and process temperature.

Engineering guidance

Mechanical & Physical Properties

Mechanical and physical properties

The record contains 1 sourced mechanical-property rows; each applies only to its stated condition, dimensions and test temperature.

Property	Value	Condition	Dimension	Test temperature
Achievable hardness	47–53 HRC	After final heat treatment	According to the product data sheet	20 °C

Sourced with conditions

Physical properties

Density≈ 7.7 g/cm³Sourced with conditions

Elastic modulus≈ 215 GPaSourced with conditions

Thermal expansion 20–100°C≈ 10.4 ×10⁻⁶/KSourced with conditions

Thermal conductivity≈ 15 W/m·KSourced with conditions

Heat capacity≈ 430 J/kg·KSourced with conditions

Electrical resistivity≈ 0.8 Ω·mm²/mSourced with conditions

Heat Treatment

Heat-treatment stages and process controls

The representative family route is austenitising, quenching and tempering, followed by surface finishing and passivation where appropriate. Numerical temperatures are shown only when supported by the record.

Preheating and austenitising

Engineering guidance

Set preheat steps and austenitising parameters from the grade/product data sheet and actual section size.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Annealing / stress relief

Engineering guidance

Assess the supply condition, residual stress, section size and prior machining before selecting time and temperature.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Preheating and austenitising

Engineering guidance

Set preheat steps and austenitising parameters from the grade/product data sheet and actual section size.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Quenching / controlled cooling

Engineering guidance

Choose the quench medium and cooling severity against hardenability, geometry, distortion and crack risk.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Tempering / property adjustment

Engineering guidance

Set tempering or ageing to the required hardness, toughness and service-temperature balance.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Tempering / property adjustment

Engineering guidance

Set tempering or ageing to the required hardness, toughness and service-temperature balance.

Cooling: Grade- and process-specific cooling

Process control: Review delivery condition, actual section, equipment capability, crack and distortion risk and target hardness before approving the cycle.

Engineering Charts

Hardness, toughness, impact, temperature and process charts

Chemistry data retain their evidence label; 0–100 charts are internal indices and stages without temperature are process sequences.

Multi-axis engineering profile

Comparison index

Chemical composition

Derived from source data

Hardness–toughness balance

Comparison index

Toughness, impact and fatigue

Comparison index

Wear and surface response

Comparison index

Mechanical properties or comparison indices

Sourced with conditions

Service temperature

Engineering guidance

Heat treatment

Engineering guidance

Related-grade similarity

Comparison index

All comparison indices

Comparison index

Failure Modes & Selection

Potential failure modes and selection guidance

Potential failure mechanisms

reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control.
Fatigue initiation from surface defects, section transitions or stress concentration.
Property loss after unsuitable heat treatment, cooling or finishing.
Corrosion, oxidation or environmental attack when protection is inadequate.

Selection and design notes

Match designation, material number, product standard and supply form before purchase.
Compare the governing failure mechanism with hardness 79, toughness 42, impact 43 and wear 75 indices out of 100.
Use mechanical values only within their cited condition, dimensions and test temperature.
Confirm the heat-treatment route and target hardness with the processor before final machining.
Review the heat number, MTC and required test results before release.

Derived calculations

Pitting-resistance equivalent PREN (indicative)19.4 Calculated

Calculated from recorded inputs; apply only within the stated formula scope and limitations.

Advantages & Limitations

Advantages, limitations and unsuitable applications

Advantages

a useful combination of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
A clearly labelled engineering profile supports comparison with related grades.
Grade identity, chemistry, counterparts and references remain traceable in one dossier.

Limitations and weaknesses

reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control.
A 0–100 index cannot be converted into design stress, impact energy or creep life.
Hardness and toughness depend on section, delivery condition and actual processing.
Do not approve a substitute before checking the product standard and heat-specific MTC.

Cases requiring caution or an alternative material

Critical design without condition- and section-specific test dataDirect substitution based only on name or similarity scoreLong-term creep service without sourced time–stress–temperature datareduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control

Applications & Processing

Industrial applications and processing

Typical applications

Gears and power-transmission components
Shafts, axles and rotating machine components
Coil, leaf and torsion springs or resilient components
Industrial blades, knives and cutting tools
Valves, pumps and flanges
Wear-resistant machine and surface-contact components
cutlery and cutting components
valve, pump and turbine parts

Manufacture, welding and surface engineering

Weldability has an internal index of 10/100 (very low). Actual performance requires a documented product condition, heat treatment and test context.

Forming and forging depend on steel family, delivery condition and the grade-specific qualified temperature range.

Clean and passivate after fabrication or welding where the specification requires it.
Electropolishing may be used where cleanliness or corrosion performance requires it.
Prevent free-iron contamination and preserve the specified surface condition.

Engineering Conclusion

Engineering conclusion and selection recommendation

1.4122 / Dura 4122 is worth evaluating when the principal need is a useful combination of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Internal indices of hardness 79/100, toughness 42/100, impact 43/100 and wear 75/100 must be aligned with the real failure mechanism. The leading risk is reduced toughness, weld cracking or localised corrosion when maximum hardness is pursued without process control. Final approval requires the current standard, product form, dimensions, delivery condition, heat treatment and heat-specific MTC.

Engineering analysis

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Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently asked questions

What is 1.4122 / Dura 4122 steel?

What are the main applications of 1.4122 / Dura 4122?

Application contexts include Gears and power-transmission components, Shafts, axles and rotating machine components, Coil, leaf and torsion springs or resilient components and Industrial blades, knives and cutting tools, subject to the product standard and actual condition.

How hard can 1.4122 / Dura 4122 be?

Martensitic/precipitation-hardening stainless family capable of high hardness with better corrosion resistance than carbon steel. Internal screening index: 79/100 (high).

Is 1.4122 / Dura 4122 suitable for impact loading?

Impact resistance is indexed at 43/100 and toughness at 42/100. These are not Charpy or Izod energy values; temperature, orientation, geometry and actual microstructure govern component behaviour.

What is the service-temperature limit of 1.4122 / Dura 4122?

Can 1.4122 / Dura 4122 be replaced by a close grade?

Approve substitution only after matching chemistry, specification, product form, condition, heat treatment and MTC.

Steel Comparison

Engineering steel comparison

Compare this grade with any other dossier. Scores from 0 to 100 are internal screening indices, not laboratory values or allowable design stresses.

Close suggestions:

Search for the second steel

Current grade1.4122 / Dura 4122Martensitic Stainless Steels

Selected gradeDura 4419Martensitic Stainless Steels

Current-grade chemistry

Second-grade chemistry

Current-grade heat treatment

Second-grade heat treatment

Current-grade applications

Limitations

Second-grade applications

Limitations

Select a second grade to update the comparison.

Sources & Evidence

Sources, methodology and evidence

Sources support grade identity, recorded values or the engineering method. General guidance does not replace product-specific certification.

Grade-specific sources

Outokumpu Dura rangeManufacturer Range Page · Tier A

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: manufacturer range page.

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Outokumpu Dura range datasheetManufacturer data sheet · Tier A

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: manufacturer datasheet.

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steelnumber.comDesignation cross-reference · Tier B

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: identity crosswalk.

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stahldaten.deOfficial material-number register · Tier A

Reference supporting grade identity or recorded values; interpret it within the cited product and condition context. Role: official material number register.

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